How to prevent Internet Addiction Essay

Internet Addiction is one of the most serious problems for all the teenagers; it will seriously affect your mental and physiological health. Have you ever been a person who has been addicted to the Internet social world? According to a research of US National Library Of Medicine National Institutes of States, 70% of teenagers in the state spent nearly six hours to surf the Internet per day. â€Å"Just we could have rode into the sunset, along came the Internet, and it tripled the significance of the PC† said Andy Grove. Have you ever been addicted to any Internet website or social media platform? The first Social media platform is called Geocities. It’s the first social media platform with web hosting service, originally founded by David Bohnett in late 1994. It has a simple blog structure. Users could upload photos and text among the blog. In October 16, 2009, The Geocities service in United State was shut down. There were at least 38 million people that were using Geocities before it shut down. After that, a lot of different social media website and platforms had started to build up. There are a lot of examples of social media platforms in the 21st Century. The most famous platforms are arguably Facebook, Instagram, Tumblr and Twitter. They actually have linked together; User can enjoy different kinds of features. For example, if you uploaded and edited a photo in Instagram, you can directly update your status or photos to the other social media platforms like Facebook. It is one of the reasons why people who have online addiction problems will always keep checking their status like â€Å"did anyone ‘like’ my photos? † and keep checking their electronic devices even they didn’t receive any notifications. According to professor Larry D. Rosen, this is a term called—i-disorder. To explain it in-detail and specifically, i-disorder is where you exhibit signs and symptoms of a psychiatric disorder such as OCD, narcissism, addiction or even ADHD, which are manifested through your use—or overuse of technology. Whether our use of technology makes us exhibit these signs or simply exacerbates our natural tendencies. Do you think you are an i-disorder? If yes, the following suggestion may help you a lot in prevent it. One of the best ways to prevent to become an i-disorder is to get a hobby that doesn’t involve the smartphone, computer or even TV and media player. It’s good to stay away from electric media products, because they may attract you easily. If you are a student, try to get involve with different school teams, clubs, music educations, dancing lessons or even go to church. Exercise should probably be the best way because while you exercising, your body will produce some hormones that help your health a lot in psychologically and physiologically. Also, try to go to bed on time and get a good night rest. Remind yourself; â€Å"don’t turn on your electricity device before or while you are going to sleep. Except school activities. † You can also join some local events in your community during holidays. There may be some useful talks, film screenings or concerts, which you will like it. If you are an athlete, ask someone to join local sporting events with you. Look for some different kind of extra curricular activities as long as they are not on the Internet and get involved. For teenagers who are having academic studies, remember to concentrate on your homework and studies. This is probably a great thing to do right away when you get home. Control yourself, don’t turn on the computer or you will not concentrate on your homework and studies. If you absolutely need resources, go to library and read books to do research instead of browsing Wikipedia or Google your resources; study lessons that you learnt first instead of turning on your computer and checking your online status. Sometimes, because of online addiction the relationship between you and your family will get worse. So, try to plan a family day with your family. For example, plan a picnic trip to get out of the city and grab some fresh air. Going shopping and having a great dinner with your family is an idea if you don’t like to go outskirts locations on family day. If you are seriously busy, at least to plan a family night. During dinnertime, chat more with your family instead of doing individual things especially using your smartphone to surf on social media platforms. After you help your parents with housework. It will totally make them happier instead of chatting online. Make some dessert or bake some cake one night for your family. Anything that gets you off the computer for a while will help and increase your confidence so that you can stay off even longer. To avoid online addiction, the most important should be self-discipline. The Internet is very important to our daily life; sometimes we can’t avert to surf the net, but we all know that unlimited timing in using the Internet is one of the keys that cause our addiction. So limit your time on using Internet. If you are using a laptop, you should put it somewhere that you can remember, but not somewhere you can see everyday and try to keep it close. The laptop will be attractable as a bunch of magnets if you keep it open with the monitor and keyboard. If you are using a desktop computer, try to stay over it or cover it. Control yourself to not to use it usually, and every time when you use your computer, remember to set an alarm clock to always remind yourself when you should stop. For example before you use it, decide on a time limit such as around 30 minutes. Make sure that you get off your computer when the time is up. In daily communications, prefer to call people instead of sending instant messages from different social media platforms or instant message applications like Whatsapp, Line and Wechat. If your friends are feeling free to do something with you, call them and ask them to hang out with you, maybe you could and play some basketball games, go to bowling alley, ice rink or mall, but remember to avoid places, which have free Internet access such as coffee shop or McDonald. Once you addicted to the in Internet, it will cause a lot of serious problems that can let you lose control and self-discipline. It can break down relationships between you, your family and friends. It also will affect your mental and physiological health.

Compared Writing Styles of Rowlandson, Bradford, and Byrd

The writing styles of Rowlandson and Bradford are very similar, while Byrd's writing style is different from the other two. Rowlandson's journal is a narraritive of her captivity, and Bradfords journal is a narrative of his journey to and arrival at his destination in the New World. Byrd's journal was was written as a satire, to essentially make fun of Rowlandson and Bradford's religious views. Mary Rowlandson kept the journal of her captivity to inform future generations of her experiences while being held captive and used as a slave by the Indians whom kidnapped her and her children. Rowlandon's main purpose in this passage is to show how her experiences revealed Gods purpose. Throughout the passagee Rowlandson makes reference to how God helped her through this difficult time. She was very stong in her religion and her views on her faith in God. In the passage Rowlandson expressses her gratefulness that her belief in God kept her from committing suicide. â€Å"I cannot but take notice of the wondrful mercy of God to me in those afflictions, in sending me a Bible. The above quote is one of the many times she makes regerence to how appreciative she is of God in her tine of trouble. As Rowlandon writes, she uses multiple strategies throughout her passage. On one many being allegory. Rowlandon uses allegories by placing biblical quotations to give symbolic meaning to her experiences. William Bradford's writing techniques and purpose are very similar to that of Rowlandson. Bradford writes about his voyage to the New World and experiences that take place once they reached land. Just like Rowlandon, Bradfords writing is to inform future generations of his experiences in the New World. Bradford give account of his voyage to the New World on the Mayflower, landding in the New world, and the hardships that he battled throughout it all. Bradford, much like Rowlandon, talked about how grateful he was for God to provide fot him and bring hin through his trials,. â€Å"But it pleased God before they came half seas over†¦. † In many instances, such as the above, Bradford gave God credit, and was very appreciative of it. William Byrd, unlike Bradford and Rowlandon, did not write a captivity nattatiive, but instead just kept an account of events. He did not give God credit for everything, but instead, used satire to make fun of Rowlandon and Bradford. Byrd was not saying that God meant nothing and he did not believe in him, but he did not constantly credit him with everything. As it is implied, Rowlandson and Bradford have very similar writing techniques, while Byrd had a different style than the other two.

Purpose of Life, Modern Changes, and Human Isolation Essay

An especially confusing irony arising from Samuel Beckett’s Waiting for Godot is that one of history’s more well-received and lauded plays is at the same time accorded so many diverse interpretations that understanding frequently seems elusive. The academic and critical literature clearly illustrates how the play has been debated. Exact thematic elements and even the playwright’s precise motivations have proven difficult to derive from the narrative’s textual structure. These interpretive nuances and proffered variations have been rendered even more suspect because Samuel Beckett offered evasive replies whenever he was queried about the intended function of certain characters or his personal intentions regarding any particular passage. These realities are not offered to argue that particular thematic features are incapable of determination, as familiar types of themes and thematic elements can be fairly well-established to a certain extant, but simply to point out and to acknowledge as a theoretical point of departure that Waiting for Godot is a broadly conceived type of narrative that touches upon many themes rather than being narrowly constrained to a particular theme. An examination of certain secondary scholarly analyses unequivocally illustrates the breadth of academic interpretations arguing that Beckett’s play addresses themes such as the meaning of God, the quest for individual salvation, the resistance of the French people against Germany’s occupation during World War Two, how human beings ought to live their lives in changing times, the fleeting nature of time, and the new circumstances that human beings had to adapt to in a post-World War Two era emerging from the Industrial Revolution. To be sure, with so many different interpretations supported by references to certain passages of the play’s text and relevant historical factors, it might seem highly unlikely to persuasively support a dominant or fundamental theme. A critical and comprehensive review of the textual evidence, on the other hand, does eventually suggest that there does exist a primary theme. This dominant theme in Waiting for Godot is that human beings can never truly understand the world in which they exist or how individuals are to be best integrated into a world with contradictory messages and imperfect information. Such a thesis can function to harmonize the different interpretations offered by secondary sources by showing how the main characters’ dialogue in different circumstances consistently illustrates and reinforces the human search for a definite purpose and a rational meaning in an external environment that persistently appears hopelessly incomprehensible. A Unifying Theme: Transcending Particular Interpretations To begin, addressing secondary theories before turning to the play’s actual text, it is necessary to demonstrate how academic and critical commentary has created more confusion than understanding by concentrating too narrowly from a thematic point of view. This type of analytical framework is necessary because virtually all of these at times conflicting and contradictory interpretations are capable of harmonization to a large extant if the play’s primary theme is posited as the individual human being’s desire to better understand and comprehend the function of the human animal in an incomprehensible external environment. It is superficially agreed, for example, that Beckett frequently utilizes universal themes in the narrative; in this respect, one secondary source argues that, â€Å"Waiting for Godot, in many ways, simply extends those uncertainties: Why are we here? Are we alone in an uncaring universe, or not? What are we to do while we are here? How can we know? And, ultimately, what does it matter? †(Hutchings x). This focus on universal concerns in the key to understanding the play and identifying the fundamental theme; indeed, these universal types of characterizations function in the larger picture to transcend more limited and narrow types of interpretations.

Government Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Government Law - Essay Example This authority has permitted the Supreme Court to review in terms of affirming or overturning rulings of lower tribunals and courts. The power of judicial review was first exercised by the Supreme Court in the case titled Marbury v. Madison in 1803 and this power is granted vide Article III, sections 1 and 2 of the Constitution (Urofsky, 2001). Main Body The process by which the Supreme Court makes reviews of cases has changed considerably over time. Currently there are a number of ways in which cases are put up before the Supreme Court. A writ of certiorari petition can be made by parties to the case that has been ruled by a US court of appeals or by writ of certiorari in regard to decisions taken by any state court following rejection of all state appeals. The appeal must imply an issue of federal, statutory or constitutional law. The Supreme Court can also make review of cases by petition for certiorari prior to judgment so that cases can be expedited that are pending before the a ppellate courts. Cases can also be put up by appeal in the context of decisions of district courts in the US that relate to redistricting of state or Congressional legislative districts (Epstein, 1995). The Constitution empowers the Congress to create bills that can become law only after they are signed by the President. The President has veto powers granted by the Constitution empowering him to keep a check on the power used by the Congress. However, such veto can be overridden if Congress musters 2/3rd majority, which proves to be a check on the authority of the President. The Supreme makes an evaluation about the constitutional validity of the law when a person is impacted directly by such law in terms of personal damage (Stuntz, 1997). Mostly, the case has to go through a trial court and subsequent appeals in lower courts before being taken up by the Supreme Court. If the Supreme Court is unable to find a basis to nullify the law, the President has to take a decision. Laws are n ot made by the Supreme Court directly but its rulings shape the law (Cox, 1987). Legislative process involves the Congress whereby it passes bills that have to be approved by the President. If the President approves a bill, he signs it into becoming law. The judicial process involves the Supreme Court in terms of reviewing the law for its constitutional validity. If the law is found unconstitutional by the Supreme Court, it can nullify the same. The President is vested with the responsibility of enforcing Supreme Court decisions. Both the Congress and the President enjoy exclusive rights in creating new laws that are reviewed by the Supreme Court. The President can make recommendations about terms and items that are to be reviewed in this regard (Beard, 2007) The different branches of the government comprise of the Executive, Legislative and Judiciary. The Executive comprises of the President and the Vice President of the country and they are elected leaders in being the First and S econd in command (Spaeth, 1979). The President has to ensure that laws passed by Congress are implemented and he/she has the power to veto and rule against laws that are passed by Congress, which he/she can do by refusing to sign the bill. The Legislative is also known as the Congress and comprises of the Senate and the House of Commons. The Congress has the power to declare war in demanding situations and to create laws for the

Critically analyse and evaluate the video games software industry Essay

Critically analyse and evaluate the video games software industry dynamics - Essay Example Some of the barriers to an entry to video game industry is: a) The Capital Requirement of Entry The capital requirement in video game software industry is very high as lot of money and resources is required for advertising, production, research and development (R&D). A company with less funding capacity neither can afford to make large bulk of orders nor it can survive in long term scenario (Altwein, 2006, p.3). Most of the companies that are already established have been facing fierce competition from new ones which have been coming up. Some companies like Ataria of the United States collapsed in 1980s due to fierce competition from new entrants. (Brightman, 2006). b) Economies of Scale Although economies of scale is not a strong barrier to an entry to video game software industry yet a company can only compete to market if it has an ability to create good economies of scale in industry (Altwein, et al, 2006, p.4). 1 c) Expected Retaliation and Access to Distribution Channel The expected retaliation and access to distribution channel also play an important role to an entry to an industrial sector as both factors determine the future prospective of a competitor in the market. Same thing is applied for video game software industry too. For example in 1983, when Nintendo entered the market with the FAMICOM, although the expected retaliation was at quite a low point for the global video gaming market resulting the disillusionment of customers, yet as Nintendo was already a familiar player in the market having access to distribution channel network, hence it was much easier for it to distribute its products to a large market area (Altwein, et al, 2006, p.4). ii) Threat of...This is because the industry is supported by growth in the information system sector which has not been affected by the economic recession. There have been no macro or micro economic policies which has affected the operations of the industry. On the world front, the growth of the economy in the world has translated to increased use of computers which has led to growth of the industry. There has been increased disposable income as the middle class continue to emerge in all parts of the world which as led to increased use of video games (Gold 2003, p. 65). There has been increased change in the culture in the world which has favoured increased use of video games. As more and more communities of the world depart from their traditions, there has been increased use of video games as alternative entertainment for children. This has been recorded in the emerging markets of the world. But in general there has been increased use of computer games which are supported by video games. This has been a great shift in the culture of the people who have now embraced computer games as a wary of recreation. This change in culture has seen computer games become the culture of most adolescent in the world.

Choose a global company and criticly analyse the structure Assignment

Choose a global company and criticly analyse the structure - Assignment Example The business has originated from United States (US) and has more than 4000 branches all over the world. The most attractive feature of this organization, which brought huge recognition for it, is the customer service, quality of the product it serves and the cosy environment (Businessstudents, n.d.). The study focuses on analyzing the organization structure and the various strategies that they adapted to become successful. Methodology The study deals in critical analysis of the changes in the organizational structure and its impact on the business. In this regards the changes in the organizational structure of Starbucks has been studied and then the impact has been evaluated. The data has been collected from secondary sources and various theoretical concepts have been used while doing the analysis. Critical Analysis Organizational Structure In 2008 Starbucks has made several dramatic changes in its organization structure in order to focus its effort towards enhancing the customer exp erience. This decision was made after Howard Mark Schultz, joined as the CEO of the firm. The modifications in the organizational structure were done in order to focus more on customers in US and consolidate the support function of the organization. The organization in US will have four divisions such as Northeast/Atlantic, Southeast/Plains, Northwest/Mountains and Western/Pacific (Starbucks Corporation, 2008). The new organization structure not only helped the organization in creating more capacities for the field team but also aligned the leader close to the partners and the customers. The senior vice president working in each division will be directly working under the president. Under each division the employees who are supporting finance, partner resources, marketing and store development will be directly reporting to their respective functions and is accountable for the result of that division. The team created will be centralized to form an infrastructure with effectiveness, capability and global span (Starbucks Corporation, 2008). Again in 2011 the corporate structure of the organization was changed. Three new regional organizational structure was formed namely China and Asia Pacific, Americas and EMEA (Europe, United Kingdom, Middle East and Africa). The presidents who will be responsible for each of these regions will be looking after the business of the company related to the retail business. They worked closely with joint-venture and licensed business partners of each market. In order to build the Starbucks brand and channel in each region, each of the units closely operates with Starbucks Global Consumer Products and Foodservice team (Starbucks Corporation, 2011). Environmental scanning technique Starbucks aims to reduce the impact that they make to the environment through their operations. But doing this they aimed to make sustainability as an integral part of the company’s culture. In 1990 through Guiding Principles, Starbucks embed the v alue of providing positive contribution towards the environment and the community. Again in the year 1992 Starbucks committed themselves to play the role of environmental leadership in all the aspects of their business through their statement of Environmental Mission. As the organization has integrated the environmental policies in all the areas of their operations, so for all their

Misrepresenting of Japanese War Memories Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Misrepresenting of Japanese War Memories - Essay Example In this work called "Misrepresenting of Japanese War Memories ," the author gives full coverage to stereotypical images of Japanese collectively in negation about the crimes are confusing and fail to notice the more predominant opinion receiving wartime fault and favoring atonement.The author beginning with the expression of views/facts of the problem and then logically passes over to its possible solutions. Western media, as a rule, addressed this question in an â€Å"orthodox† manner as they criticize Japan and the Japanese for â€Å"addressing the past inadequately.† It claims that â€Å"non-acquaintance,†, "ignorance", â€Å"denial,† and â€Å"amnesia† were extensively referenced. But the views of the Japanese people were mainly based on family and personal experiences other than what was said by the media, politicians, or textbooks. As the survey of the Japanese (and to an extent also the international) media’s role in Japan’s ten sion with war memory, this article undoubtedly offers a refreshing, recreative and highly welcome contribution to this problem. Japan is often excoriated for not doing enough to apologize and make amends, but Seaton reminds us that other nations are identically guilty and blameworthy. It is hard to predict the course of events in future, but there is some evidence of the improvement of this situation. The author concludes by saying that the present-day generation of the Japanese civilization is not to blame for the â€Å"fresh† contested war memories. therefore the article is engrossing, significant, and of great value.... Expert observing the Japanese progress on the issue often declare the end of the post-war. But sooner or later, new controversies or revelations emerge and the painful memories and mutual accusations about the past come to life again (6). As a result, the story of war in Japan has not yet been committed to history. It still rests as a â€Å"current affairs† issue. The war is still fresh in the memories of the Japanese, and they apparently seem as if unable to let it go. Accusations of â€Å"Amnesia† against the Japanese Amnesia is a term used to refer to complete or partial loss of memory (according to the Oxford English Dictionary). The western world accuses Japan of â€Å"amnesia† due to the features in the majority of Japanese war memories and also the way the subject of history is being taught in Japanese schools. Nonetheless, the word â€Å"amnesia† is a blunt term that does not tell between the complex disparities in interpretation, ranking of partic ular issues in terms of their importance, approach procedure and the governmental uses of history that reinforce contending cultural reminiscences of the war (135). Recalling war history at the national level grants an uncomfortable contrast concerning what â€Å"Japan† did to others versus what others did to â€Å"Japan.† There are many war memorial sites in Japan that attract lots of local tourists and school children. The problem that the western world has with these sites are allegations that they kind of justify that Japan was merely protecting itself, and that it had no other option than to go to war. As such, these sites split into two kinds: sites exalting or commemorating the military such as Chiran, Tachiarai, and Yasukumi, and others commemorate Japanese victimhood such as Okinawa,

Term that has been coined with recent technology that is specific Essay

Term that has been coined with recent technology that is specific - Essay Example 59) This definition is similar to terms like portable computer, personal computer, notebook computer , netbook or laptop. The distinguishing feature of this device is in the fact that it is designed to be touched directly with the human hand, rather than equipped with a keyboard for typing. Not only that, it is designed to be held in the hand, rather than to sit on a desk, and it is all set up with internet function. They first came on to the market in 2002, when they were very expensive, but in the last year there have been popular mass market models such as the apple iPad. This model boasts more than 65,000 additional applications (called â€Å"aps†) which are especially designed for the tablet format, and claims to be â€Å"highly secure, stable, and responsive†. (Apple website) It is important that an average person should understand the meaning of this term in its specific usage in connection with computers so that he or she can choose which kind of computer is bes t suited to their purposes. For some people, typing is the preferred way of entering data, but others prefer handwriting or even sketching and drawing.

Allegiant Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Allegiant Report - Essay Example In 2007 the net margin (net income / sales) of the company was 8.74%. Based on the company yearly growth prediction of an above 10% the company was not able to meet its profitability targets, but it still perform better than the industry average of about 2% (Bachman). One of the weaknesses of the company’s growth strategy is that it does hedge adequately against the risk of higher fuel costs. In the article the readers of the material learned that the company utilized a fleet that was on the average 18 years old. The utilization of old inefficient planes hurt the company’s operating efficiency. A company that takes great pride in its ability of lower costs has an inherent and systematic deficiency in its cost structure. Gasoline represents the second largest costs for a typical airline after only the cost labor of the airplanes crews and administrative personnel. Another business risk of the company is its dependence on middle class as its primary business prospect. The firm is forgetting about the virtues of targeting business travelers. A higher retention rate of business clients could help the company create value over time. Ratio analysis is a financial diagnostic tool that can help an business analyst determine the financial performance of a particular common stock or privately owned business. In fiscal year 2007 the debt to equity ration of Allegiant was 0.93. The metric is good because the company has more total equity than total debt. In comparison with the industry standard of 1.48, the company has a more flexible capital structure that can be utilized in the future to acquire capital and spur further growth (Dun & Bradstreet). The firm’s quick ratio (current assets / current obligations) is even better at 1.75. A low current ratio decreases the business risk for an investor because it provides assurances that the company can meet its current obligations. The company most likely issue corporate paper at such as

Hirschi Social Control Theory Essay Example for Free

Hirschi Social Control Theory Essay I agree with Hirchi’s Theory to a certain extent only. This is because I believe it is not applicable to all people and to all situations. Yes, it may be true that when a person, as early as his childhood, conforms to fit into groups and find his place, he will probably be a person who is responsible and law-abiding. While we still have our own self-interests and individuality, we all want to feel we belong and mould our beliefs and involvements to form attachments. Also, as stated by Hirchi’s Theory, conformity is formed by four variables which we develop through our interactions with family and school, the four being: attachment, commitment, involvement and belief. For me, attachment and conformity to different social groups in the society does not guarantee a person for him to be less ready in committing a crime. Yes, a human being’s personality is partly formed by the environment where he is in—may be the attachment and conformity with his environment helps in molding a righteous and morally-upright personality. But in humanism, a human being has the absolute control to his life. He has free will and it is up to him how he will react to the stimuli created by his environment. In addition, psychologically, the formation of personality is still debatable whether it is nature or nurture. Nature says that a human being’s personality is genetic and on the other hand, nurture says that personality is molded by his environment. I think that some criminals can still be counseled psychologically targeting areas where in he has not yet matured and where he is still fixated—some of these may be the lack of attachment to social groups.

Turkey and Saudi Arabia Similarities and Differences

Turkey and Saudi Arabia Similarities and Differences Today we are going to discuss the similarities and differences between two societies, Turkish and Saudi Arabian, from the cultural and moral point of view. Firstly it is important to get familiar with these definitions. Culture is the way of life, shared beliefs, values, customs and behaviours, that the members of society use to cope with their world and with one another, and that are transmitted from generation to generation through learning. Norms specify the type of behaviour that is considered appropriate and normal in a society. For example, norms of dress give guidelines on what to wear. Norms are set of rules that vary from society to society. A change in society leads to new ways of behaving and therefore culture and norms are always changing. Values are general rules and principles that tell us what is good, important and worth striving for in our society. Values lay down general principles and guidelines. Inequality concerns differences in access to scarce resources when one group is better positioned than the other in society. Social inequality involves voting rights, freedom of speech, education and many more. Inequality is present in every society, even if it is said that all members in society are equal. Both countries share similar history, culture and values. Religion in particular plays a big part in peoples lives. The major religion is Islam, the second largest religion in the world. In Saudi Arabia, Islam is the only officially recognized religion and other religions in the country are not tolerated. Turkey is more democratic in this way. While in Turkey state and church are separated, religion in Saudi Arabia influences every aspect of social and political life. Even the legal system is based on sharia (Islamic) law. The forms of punishment in this country are, according to some organizations, against human rights. For example, theft is punishable by amputation of the right hand. Flogging is way of punishment for offenses against religion, drunkenness and gambling. The death penalty is the highest form of punishment in the country and is used for a range of convictions including the distribution of drugs from abroad. The death sentence was also practiced in Turkey, but it has s ince been reduced to thirty years imprisonment. Homosexuality is strictly forbidden in both societies (a view strongly linked to religious beliefs), and is punishable by lashing, prison or death. Inequality, in both societies, is most distinguished between men and women. Saudi women suffer discrimination in a range of areas within their daily lives. For example, women are not allowed to drive cars or ride bicycles on public roads and the driving age of 25 is one of the highest in the world. Saudi Arabia is also one of the four remaining countries that have not granted women the right to vote. Women cannot travel abroad without the permission or presence of a male guardian (mahram), and also have to be accompanied by a close male from the family (father or brothers) when outside of house. As chastity and sexual modesty are very highly valued, women can be arrested for socializing with a man who is not a relative and may be charged with prostitution. In public, dancing, playing music and showing movies is forbidden. Women make up just 5% of the workforce in Saudi Arabia, which is the lowest proportion in the world. A womans status within the family is high, especially in the ro les of mother and sister. However, their rights may continue to be restricted, for example, it is believed that women should stay at home, caring for their husbands and children. Most marriages are arranged and polygamy is permitted up to four wives. Similar attitudes towards women had existed in Turkey, but in 1926 new reforms brought changes to the position of women in society. Polygamy was abolished and it is very rare nowadays. Along with religious marriages and divorce, child custody became the right of both women and men. Education levels of women have increased since the reforms and many Turkish women are able to access education, have jobs and careers. The right to vote was granted in 1930. Although the position of women outside of family has changed significantly, inside it remains more or less the same. Husbands remain at the head of family and woman must have their permission to work or their approval if going out. Both Saudi Arabian and Turkish societies place huge value on the family and take their responsibilities seriously. Families tend to be large and the extended family remains close. Significant inequality also exists between women from different sectors of societies. Women in these two states have different life styles and rights. For example, abortion in Turkey is legal up to ten weeks, while in Saudi Arabia it remains illegal, except in situations where the mothers life may be at risk. The norms for public behaviour in Saudi Arabia are extremely conservative. To ensure that these standards of conduct are observed, the Saudi religious police can arrest foreigners for improper dress and other alleged infractions, such as consumption of alcohol. Turkish women no longer have to wear the veils and long garments, whereas in Saudi Arabia it is still required by the old religious beliefs. While alcohol is banned in Saudi Arabia, it is allowed in Turkey. In Turkey, Friday is considered a normal working day, regardless of the fact that to Muslims it is considered a holy day. Saudi Arabians continue to acknowledge this tradition most shops and other public places are closed on Friday and individuals practice their prayers. All Muslims pray five times a day and during the holy month of Ramadan they must fast from dawn to dusk (this includes eating, drinking and smoking). According to Islam, the left hand is considered unclean and reserved for personal hygiene. To conclude, Turkey is now considered a secular state, the first ever Islamic society to be considered as such. In contrast, Saudi Arabias unique culture makes marks it as a distinguished Islamic country. People in these countries are extremely proud of their culture, heritage and nationality. Bibliography M. Haralambos and M. Holborn (2008) Sociology , Themes and Perspectives http://marketing.about.com/od/marketingglossary/g/normsdef.htm http://www.umanitoba.ca/faculties/arts/anthropology/courses/122/module1/culture.html http://travel.state.gov/travel/cis_pa_tw/cis/cis_1012.html http://www.enjoyturkey.com/info/culture.htm http://www.eastwestinquirer.com/Islamic%20Turkey%20Versus%20Islamist%20Saudi%20Arabia.htm

Analysis of Psychoanalysis, Behaviorism, and Humanism

Analysis of Psychoanalysis, Behaviorism, and Humanism Psychoanalysis, Behaviorism, Humanism DOROTHY ASHTON Abstract This assignment discusses the historical brass tacks of three most important schools of contemplation within the field of psychology: Psychoanalysis, Behaviorism, and Humanism. I will be using these particular theories and concepts to understand a particular case scenario. It also compares and contrasting the strengths and the limitations of each theory. School of Psychoanalysis Psychoanalysis began as a tool for improving poignant anguish; it’s a therapy technique for education about the psyche, and also a way of appreciative the process of customary on a daily basis mental implementation and the stages of normal expansion from formative years to elderly age. The idea of psychotherapy first started to receive serious attention under Sigmund Freud in Vienna in the 1890s. Freud was a neurologist trying to find an valuable management for patients with neurotic or uproarious symptoms. Freud’s normal mind theory was serene of three elements: the id, the ego and the superego. The id is composed of primordial urges, while the ego is the building block of moral fiber, thought-provoking with dealing with authenticity. The superego is the component of individuality that holds all of the ethics and principles we pick up on from our parents and culture. Freud understood to facilitate the communication of these three elements was what led to all of the mul tifaceted human behaviors. Anna Freud’s contributions to psychology were the field of child psychoanalysis and her work contribute greatly to our understanding of child psychology. The majority of Anna’s education was from her father Sigmund Freud’s friends and associates. Carl Jung determined to learn medication but urbanized a interest in divine phenomena. His attraction with remedy and theology led him into the field of psychiatry that he viewed as a amalgamation of his interests. I know that Jung’s theory created major criticism and his work left extraordinary blow on psychology. One of his concepts was introversion and extraversion contributed to character psychology and also predisposed psychotherapy. He gave recommendation on serene affliction from alcoholism led to the arrangement of Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) that helped millions of citizens’ anguish from alcohol reliance. Erikson depleted moment in time learning the edifying life of the South Dakota and in northern California. Erik utilizes the comprehension he earned of edifying, ecological, and societal influences to press forward amplify his psychoanalytic speculation. Freud’s conjecture had paying attention on the psychosexual portions of adulthood, Erikson’s accumulation of other influences helped to become wider and increase psychoanalytic hypothesis. He in addition contributed to our sympathetic of individuality as it is urbanized and wrought in excess of the path of the natural life. Erik’s annotations of offspring also helped set the arena for promote follow a line of exploration. This article by Christopher Spera â€Å"A Review of the Relationship Among Parenting Practices, Parenting Styles, and Adolescent School Achievement,† debates over several studies that have a correlation on parental involvement and monitoring. â€Å"The socialization progression is bidirectional in that parents convey socialization messages to their children, but their children vary in a level of acceptance, receptivity, and internalization of these messages (Grusec et al.,2000) (C Spera, 2005) â€Å"Authoritative parenting styles are often associated with higher levels of student achievement, although these findings are not consistent across culture, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status.†) (C. Spera, 2005) the majority of Freud’s own contributions that were highly contentious in his time, is now everyday ideas in our world. Psychoanalytic contributions to the modern experience and culture didn’t end with Freud’s death; in fact I think that it will l ast for centuries to come. School of Behaviorism When it comes to the concept of behaviorism I often think about the most prominent quote by John B. Watson: Give me a dozen healthy infants, well-formed, and my own specified world to bring them up in and Ill guarantee to take any one at random and train him to become any type of specialist I might select doctor, lawyer, artist, merchant-chief and, yes, even beggar-man and thief, regardless of his talents, penchants, tendencies, abilities, vocations, and race of his ancestors. John Watson, Behaviorism, 1930 The School of Behaviorism was founded by John B. Watson. He believed that a person’s behavior can be measured, trained, and changed. The focus is placed on philosophical/theoretical underpinnings of behavior analysis. Behavior analysis intangible foundation is described as radical behaviorism, which is characterized by the postulation that behavior can be studied using innate science methods. The behaviorist observation of verbal behavior emphasizes the functional nature of language and the continuation of rule ascendancy in human behavior. The major concepts and theories within the school of behaviorism include cognitive psychology, constructivism, social constructivism, experimental learning, multiple intelligence, and situated learning theory. The major thinkers that influenced behaviorism were John B. Watson, Ivan Pavlov, B.F. Skinner, Edward Thorndike, and Clark Hull. Ivan Pavlov wasn’t a psychologist and was said to dislike the field altogether, but his work had a major influence on behaviorism. Pavlov made a breakthrough on reflexes influenced the growing behaviorism movement and was known to be cited in John B. Watson’s writings. The work that I associate with Pavlov’s work is his study of conditioning as a structure of knowledge. B.F. Skinner was a inexhaustible novelist, publishing practically 200 articles and more than 20 books. Skinner’s work of operant conditioning is still considered imperative in the present day. This technique is used by mental health professionals. In his own way Skinner left a remarkable legacy on psychology along with other fields ranging from philosophy to education. Edward Thorndike was strongly associated with functionalism. Thorndike’s contribution to psychology was considered to be the father of modern day educational psychology and published several books on the subject. He is also known for his animal experiments and for the law of effect. Clark Hull contributions to psychology of drive reduction theory served as a general theory of learning for other researchers. His theory was a broader version of social learning and imitation without the motivating stimuli needing to the survival needs of an organism. Hulls theories were a leading influence in American psychology. Parenting involves bidirectional interaction linking groups of two or more generations; can lengthen all the way in the course of all or foremost parts of the particular life spans of those groups; may fit into place all institutions within a way of life, including educational, economic, political, and social ones; and is surrounded in the history of peopleas that history occurs within the ordinary and ingenuous settings within which the assemblage lives. If I wanted to give an example of how the school of behaviorism shape and influence societal thinking I would talk about how students join together classroom environments with their teacher’s caring mannerisms, and through classical conditioning, gain knowledge of to act in response to the school with encouraging emotions. Teachers can also improve student feelings of competency by modeling effort and perseverance, also reinforcing authentic undertakings. Reasonably, then, designed in cooperation adolescents and their caregiv ers, teens is a time of exhilaration and of fretfulness; of contentment and of quandary; of innovation and of incomprehension; and of timeouts with the precedent and up till now of associations with the future. Those individuals who are members of civilizing minorities can also provide as role models. I would have to give an example of Arnold Schwarzenegger idolizing a famous body builder and eventually rose to fame as the world’s top body builder career. School of Humanism Humanism was developed in response to Freud’s psychoanalysis and behaviorism. While near the beginning schools of humanism were for the most part centered on anomalous human behavior, humanistic psychology differed considerably in its emphasis to helping people achieve and fulfill their potential. Humanistic, humanism and humanist are vocabulary in psychology concerning to an approach which studies the whole person, and the distinctiveness of each human being.Fundamentally, this vocabulary refers to the same advance in psychology. Humanism is a psychological approach that emphasizes the study of the entire person. Humanistic psychologists look at human behavior not only through the eyes of the spectator, but through the eyes of the person doing the behaving. Humanism is a philosophical and ethical bearing that emphasizes the importance and society of human beings, in isolation and cooperatively and generally prefers critical thinking and verification (rationalism, empiricism) over time-honored set of guidelines or devotion (fideism). The major theorist of humanism is Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers. Abraham Maslow contributions to psychology focused aspects of human nature that were considered abnormal. His interest in human potential, seeking peak experiences and improving mental health by seeking personal growth had a long lasting influence on psychology. You can say that growing interest was in positive psychology. Maslow even created a pyramid chart listing human hierarchy of needs. 1. Physiological- Human survival- breathing, food, water, sex, sleep, homeostasis, excretion 2. Safety- Security- Morality, Family, Health, Property 3. Love and Belongings- Emotional needs- Friendship, Family, Sexual Intimacy 4. Esteem- Respect- Self- Esteem, confidence, achievement, respect of others, respect by others 5. Self-Actualization- Human Achievement- Morality, Creativity, Spontaneity, Problem Solving, Lack of Prejudice, Acceptance of Facts. Carl Rogers’s contribution to psychology was also in human potential. Rogers had major influence on psychology and education. Carl Rogers is mostly considered as an influential psychologist of the 20th century by other psychologist. The variety of humanistic psychotherapy are concepts from profundity rehabilitation, holistic wellbeing, falter upon groups, empathy training, matrimonial and relatives unit therapy, body labor, the existential psychotherapy. The five basic main beliefs of humanistic psychology are: Human beings, as human, take the place of the sum of their parts. They can’t be condensed to components. Human beings have their survival in a distinctively human context, as well as in a celestial bionetwork. Human beings are alert and are attentive of being aware i.e., they are conscious. Human realization constantly includes an knowledge of oneself in the context of additional people. Human beings have the capability to make choices and for that reason have accountability. Human beings are deliberate, aspire at goals, are responsive that they cause potential events, and inquire about meaning, importance, and vision. Strengths Limitations When it comes to the differences in theories, I find that the behaviorism theory flaw is that it became unpopular and unable to hold up to scrutiny in its historical time period. When I compare the theory to Freud’s psychoanalysis theory I acknowledge that it can’t just be one or the other. You need both nature and nurture in order to be complete. The only thing that I find creditable when it comes to the humanistic approach is its positive affirmations to get students confidence and competence where it’s considered at least to be in the normal range. Case Study In this particular case we have a woman named Judy who is a 29-year-old single woman going to college. Judy has a very challenging personality; she constantly deals with high nervous tension job while she is completing her 2nd year as a medical resident in a large hospital. Judy has always been an over achiever. She has finished with top honors in both college and medical school. She has very high principles that she lives by and becomes her worse self critic when she fails to meet them. Lately, she has been struggling with momentous feelings of unimportance and embarrassment due to her incapability to carry out as sound as she constantly has in the precedent. Its’ my opinion, I will give you three different perspectives of the results from the schools of thought. A psychoanalyst would say that Judy is having issues with one the three elements, id, ego, and superego. Since Judy has extremely high expectation about what she fines acceptable. Freud would probably think that Judy is suffering from some type of hysteria. I would think that a behaviorist would say that Judy is having issues with her behavior. I think that a humanist would say that Judy is having issues with motivation and even though she has high competence in the topic. In Judy’s case the school of psychoanalysis and behaviorism would not be completely useful. Psychoanalysis can help determine what is happening in the unconscious mind but it won’t solve the issue. Behaviorism could possibly observe the issue and even attempt to use conditioning methods to solve the problem. The humanistic approach attempt to help with positive reinforcement. This would be the most useful approach because its used to help students be successful. I think that Humanism would be the right school of thought for Judy’s case. Humanistic psychology is a psychological perspective that emphasizes the study of the whole person. This particular school of thought could be correctly used by a teacher in Judy’s school. The teacher could use a student-centered method to help Judy not just with academic but also the psychological need to get depressed over not getting the grades that she was ultimately expecting but not receiving.(positive emotions) When it comes to behaviorism Judy could be conditioned but it is just covering up the problem. Psychoanalysis could help Judy work through her issues but it wouldn’t do anything to help prevent the incident from happening again. Conclusion In my opinion, the concepts of the different types of schools of thought gave everyone a chance to show their opinions on what is considered important. Freud’s concept of the normal mind was very important to his life research. B.F. Skinners and John Watson’s hypothesis of the person can become anything they desire with hard work and growing up in the right environment wasn’t taken as seriously in the public eye as it should have but B.F. Skinners operant conditioning method had a lasting impact on society. Humanism didn’t gain a huge amount of support in the past but gave us a wonderful starting point to positive psychology. References Christopher Spera in Educational Psychology Review (2005) http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10648-005-3950-1 Richard M. Lerner, E. Ree Noh, and Clancie Wilson. 1998 http://parenthood.library.wisc.edu/Lerner/Lerner-bib.html Burrhus Frederic Skinner. (2014). http://www.biography.com/people/bf-skinner-9485671. An Introduction to Maslows Hierarchy of Needs–Abraham Maslow Benjamin, Jr., L. T. (2014). A brief history of modern psychology (2nd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley and Sons.

The Psychological Journey of the Narrator in Atwood’s Surfacing Essay

The Psychological Journey of the Narrator in Atwood’s Surfacing  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   In Surfacing, a novel by Margaret Atwood, the narrator undertakes three basic journeys: a physical quest to search for her lost father, a biographical journey into her past, and most importantly a psychological journey. The psychological journey allows the narrator to reconcile her past and ultimately leads to the conclusion of the physical journey. In this psychological voyage into her innerself, the narrator, while travelling from cognizant rational reasoning to subconscious dissociated reality progresses through three stages. In the first stage, the narrator is in touch with reality; she lives and exists in a state of mind known in Freudian psychology as the Ego. The Ego is defined as "the element of being that consciously and continuously enables an individual to think, feel and act." (Barnhardt, 667). The ego is based on a reality principle, in which, a person reacts in "realistic ways that will bring long term pleasure rather than pain or destruction" (Meyers, 414). The narrator's inability to cope with disagreeable thoughts such as her father's possible death is evidenced early in the novel. The narrator states: "nothing is the same, I don't know the way anymore. I slide my tongue around the ice cream, trying to concentrate on it, they put seaweed in it now, but I'm starting to shake, why is the road different, he shouldn't have allowed them to do it, I want to turn around and go back to the city and never find out what happened to him. I'll start crying, that would be horrible, none of them would kno w what to do and neither would I. I bite down into the cone and I can't feel anything for a minute but the knife-hard pain up the side of my face... ...to reality: "The lake is quiet, the trees surround me, asking and giving nothing" (Atwood, 224). Thus, the narrator has completed a psychological journey from snaeness to madness and then again in a fullcircle, travelling through three distinct stages: the Ego, the Superego, and the Id. The narrator by completing the psychological journey into the subconscious is able to resolve the biographical and physical journeys. Therefore, with the past and present conflicts resolved, it can be most likely assumed that the narrator will assimilate herself back into reality. She may have a chance to become human again. Works Cited Atwood, Margaret. Surfacing. Simon and Schuster: New york, 1972 Barnhardt, Clarence L. Ed. The World Book Dictionary, Field Enterprises Publishing Co: Chicago, 1975. Meyers, David. Psychology. Worth Publishing:U.S.A., 1992   

College Athletics :: essays research papers fc

A Scientific Report On Whether Athletics Should Be Instated At Basten College An intercollegiate athletics program at Basten College would provide many positives for the college. We would like to focus on the benefits to the majority of your students which would be spectators and athletes. These include health benefits, social benefits, and the effects on politics and race. We would also like to address the problems associated with sports. After our presentation we hope you will be confident in the positive effects an intercollegiate program will have on your institute. There are obvious benefits to being an athlete, specifically those related to one’s health. Everybody should exercise at least three times a week in order to establish a healthy way of life. When one is part of a team, they are able to develop certain social skills that can benefit them throughout life. Also, participating in a sport can increase one’s level of self-esteem. â€Å"In selected patients with major depression, aerobic training can produce a substantial improvement in symptoms in a short time,† (Dimeo et. al., 5) However, as important as all that is, the majority of the population at Basten College will probably not be varsity athletes. The majority will be spectators and fans. There are three main benefits to being a spectator. The first is the effects on academics. According to Karla Henderson watching sports or athletic events increases endorphin release in the brain, resulting in a higher aptitude and concentration level. So students have the abil ity to focus longer and retain more information while studying or attending class. The second reason deals with female’s personal identity. According to Linda Marsa, â€Å"Participation in sports pays big dividends physically, psychologically, and emotionally. Extensive research shows that girls who are involved in athletics boost their self esteem; improve their physical fitness; do better academically; are less likely to drop out of school, do drugs, smoke or get pregnant; and are more able to weather the physical and emotional storms of adolescence.† The third reason is that it has been found that people who continually participate and associate with athletics, begin to relate facts and literature to sports, enabling them to commit the knowledge to long-term memory better. For example, let’s say Jon Doe loves baseball, specifically the New York Yankees. He watches his favorite team at every leisurely moment he can. At the same time, at his college, the Univer sity of Basten, he is having trouble in his statistics class.

Case Obermeyer

UMASS LOWELL College of Management 63. 371 T. Sloan Case Study Write-up #3 SPORT OBERMEYER, LTD. Sport Obermeyer is a high-end fashion skiwear design and merchandising company headquartered in Aspen, Colorado that sells its products through U. S. department stores and ski shops. Although the company has a global supply network, most of its critical outerwear products are sourced through the Hong Kong-based company Obersport, a joint venture between Sport Obermeyer and a Hong Kong partner. Obersport, in turn, manages supply and production operations in Hong Kong and China.This case provides an in-depth description of the planning and production processes Sport Obermeyer and its supply channel partners undergo each year to develop and deliver new product lines. Please prepare a report that addresses the questions below. Answers must be typed (doublespaced), and write-ups will be evaluated on their content and presentation, including logic, organization, grammar, and spelling. You must work on the case in groups of two (2) to four (4) students. You are responsible for determining who is in your group and how work is allocated.Please turn in one write-up per group, and list the names of all group members on the write-up. Refer to the handout titled â€Å"Guidelines for Case Study Write-ups† for more information on the content and format for case write-ups. Questions [2 points each] 1. What are the key activities/events involved in the design, ordering, production, and shipment of Sport Oberymeyer’s products? When do these activities/events take place? Discuss the challenges faced by Sport Obermeyer in managing its global supply chain. 2. How can Wally use theBuying Committee’s forecasts to estimate the risk associated with early production of each style? Using the sample data given in Exhibit 10, make a recommendation for how many units of each style Wally Obermeyer should order during the initial phase of production. Assume that all 10 styles in the sample problem are made in Hong Kong and that Obermeyer’s initial production commitment must be at least 10,000 units. Ignore price differences among styles in your initial analysis. (Note: there is not an exact formula or method for this type of problem.I am more interested in the approach you use to determine the order quantities than in the specific numbers. ) 3. What are the long-term costs, advantages, and risks of producing in China versus Hong Kong? How will minimum order quantities affect capacity? Which of the 10 styles should be made in Hong Kong and which should be produced in China? Justify your answer. 4. What changes would you recommend to Wally to improve overall supply chain performance? Be specific and pay particular attention to operations-related changes. [The presentation/style of the report counts for an additional 2 points, for a total of 10 possible points. Remember to submit an electronic copy of your write-up to the TurnItIn. com web site. Due Date: Monday, April 23, 2007 at the beginning of class UMASS LOWELL College of Management 63. 371 T. Sloan Electronic Submission of Write-ups to TurnItIn. com TurnItIn. com A new service is available to students and faculty at UMass Lowell to help uphold academic integrity. In addition to turning in a hard copy of your case write-up, you will be required to submit an electronic version of the write-up to the web site TurnItIn. com. How do I submit my case write-up?It is quick and easy to submit your write up: 1. Point your web browser to www. turnitin. com. 2. Click on the New User section, and a dialogue box will guide you through the process of creating a user profile. You will need to enter our class ID number: 1822979 and enrollment password: sloan (note: all lower case). 3. Our class will then show up on your start page. Click on the class name: Sloan – 63. 371 – Ops. Mgt. 4. You will then see a list of assignments. Click on the appropriate assignment. 5. Submit y our paper following the instructions in the dialogue box.The following formats are accepted: MS Word, WordPerfect, RTF, PDF, PostScript, HTML, and plain text (. txt). 6. Click Submit when prompted to complete the submission process. A digital receipt number will be issued, and you will receive an e-mail confirming successful submission. That’s it! No further action is required. You will only need to create a user profile the first time you use the system, so for future assignments, the process will be even easier. Note: Please submit only one electronic copy per group. Under Author Name, simply list the name of one group member. When are the write-ups due?The hard copy of the write-up is due during (or prior to) class on the dates indicated in the course syllabus. If you are not able to attend class, you may e-mail ([email  protected] edu) or fax (978/9344034) your write-up before class. The electronic copy of the write-up must be submitted within 24 hours of the class disc ussion. To summarize†¦ Hand in the paper copy of your group’s case write-up during or prior to class on the day that it is due. Submit an electronic copy of the paper within 24 hours of our class discussion. Submit only one paper copy and one electronic copy per group.

Blender Blade Component Analysis Engineering Essay

The blade constituent in the liquidizer is map to suppression and blending the ingredient with a really fast revolving velocity. First we need to understand the construction of the blade to enable the blade execute the procedure like sliting and softening. We know blade necessitate to be fixed under high rotational velocity operation, therefore the blade must hold the high modulus of rigidness to forestall any deformation during the operation. It is because the shearing force Acts of the Apostless on the blade is really high due to its velocity. Since it is rotate in high velocity when the nutrient are being dump into the nutrient container, it will do a impact acts on the blade that will do the blade to interrupt or check if the blade do non tough plenty. Besides that, the shaft will maintain in contact with the nutrient and ever expose to the nutrient chemical, therefore it must be entire chemical inert. The corroding procedure must non be occurred to forestall wellness risky incident. The high wear opposition is besides of import to the blade, as it will ever run for the interrupted procedure. The cyclic burden will do fatigue therefore we need difficult blade. Normally wear opposition can be increase by making a coating on the blade. Crisp borders with good strength is besides really of import to enable the blade execute the mincing or crunching procedure expeditiously. The blade is various plenty to cut about all the nutrient stuff that can be intermix if needed, strength once more is needed. Here is the drumhead degree Fahrenheit the liquidizer blade belongingss that we use as guideline in blade stuff choice. Hardness High strength Stainless steel High rigidness High wear opposition2.2 MATERIAL SELECTION2.2.1 BLENDER BLADE MATERIAL SELECTIONIn the choice stuff we must see many facets to guarantee the merchandise that we have made successful in overall facet. There some standards that must be see such as: Physical & A ; Mechanical Considerations Thermal Considerations Chemical Considerations Bearing and Wear Considerations Cost Type of utilizations and etc To get down the material choice of the constituent, we have to utilize the assorted comparing charts to compare diverse of stuff that available. In this clip about, we use the specific stiffness to specific strength, strength to cost, strength to toughness, and immature modulus to denseness. These are primary chart that we use to guarantee our choice. In the specific stiffness to specific strength chart, we can acquire the consequence of the stuff that has medium specific strength and high specific stiffness. This is an of import standard of stiffness in our merchandise. In the strength to be chart, we need to compromise the cost and the strength that we can keep competitory monetary value with the strength for safety. In the immature modulus to density chart, we need to hold the mid scope of denseness to forestall corpulence of merchandise with the high immature modulus. High immature modulus means that the emphasis that the, stuff can defy before it ‘s deform. In between strength and stamina, we need to hold both for the blades do non neglect prematurely particularly face the impact gesture of the nutrient encountered by blades.Figure 3: Strength AND TOUGHNESS COMPARISON CHARTFigure 4: Specific STIFFNESS AND SPECIFIC STRENGTH COMPARISON CHARTFigure 5: Young MODULUS AND DENSITY COMPARISONFigure 6: STRENGHT AND COST COMPARISON CHARTFrom the comparing we have made above, the suited stuff that we can take is chiefly metal stuff either alloyed or non. But we need to see corroding procedure that will that topographic point for ferric metal. Then we can take either alloyed metal or ferric alloyed metal like chromium steel steel. In the consequence we get, we besides found the stuff to applicable to our blade constituent production like ceramics. The ground we do non take it as comparing because of its crispness. We can non hold the toffee will do it crack when it is over it ‘s bound so will do the safety job. Based on the characteristic we found in the constituent, We have decide to compare two stuff in doing blade of liquidizer: Alloy steel Stainless steelAlloy Steel Properties[ 5 ] Alloy steel is the steel that contain some alloying elements like Mo, manganese, nickel, Cr, V, Si and B. Compare with C steel, the belongingss of Alloy steels have greater strength, hardness, hot hardness, wear opposition, hardenability, and Toughness. However, to obtain the require belongingss, they are needed to be heat treated.Stainless Steel Properties[ 6 ] Stainless steel differs from C steel by content of Cr in steel. The chief different belongings of the chromium steel steel is its corrosion opposition. Carbon steel rusts when exposed to air and wet. This Fe oxide movie is active and accelerates corrosion by organizing more Fe oxide. Stainless steels have sufficient sum of Cr nowadays so that a inactive movie of Cr oxide to forestall farther corrosionBlade stuff Comparison ChartSTAINLESS STEELParameterALLOY STEEL620 MPa.Ultimate tensile strength570 MPa. 240-290 MPa.Output strength440-500 MPa. 20-24 %Elongation15-18 % aˆ? High ultimate tensile strength. aˆ? Excellent corrosion and oxidization opposition. aˆ? High wear opposition aˆ? High weariness oppositionAdvantagesaˆ? High strength-to-weight ratio. aˆ? High emphasis opposition aˆ? Good corrosion opposition aˆ? High wear opposition aˆ? Expensive. aˆ? Can non be hardened by heat intervention. aˆ? Hard to organize compared to dramatis personae FeDisadvantagesaˆ? Poor in machinebility. Difficult to done by machining. aˆ? More brickle than chromium steel steel aˆ? Hi strength comparison to chromium steel steel but less ultimate tensile strength.Selected Blade Material – chromium steel steelIn doing blade, we have decided to utilize unstained steel because of some ground. The most of import is because we need the stuff that have excellent in corrosion and oxidization opposition. This is because we deal in doing nutrient processor. So that the quality of nutrient is chief thought to guarantee the user is safe to utilize is. Other than that, chromium steel steel has high wear immune. This belongings is good to hold in doing the blade because it ever crisp in cutting the nutrient. The impact stamina is besides the portion that we tend to take 304 steel since we have rotate in high velocity to cut or slit the nutrient. Stainless steel besides has a batch of categorization that we can take for the production of the blade. Therefore we have to take a specific category to guarantee the cost appraisal. After we did the research, we decide to take unstained steel category 304 to be our stuff for the p roduction.Stainless Steel – Grade 304Fe ; & lt ; 0.08 % C ; 17.5-20 % Cr ; 8-11 % Ni ; & lt ; 2 % Mn ; & lt ; 1 % Si ; & lt ; 0.045 % P ; & lt ; 0.03 % S [ 7 ] These are some of its features: – Forming and welding belongingss – Corrosion/ oxidization opposition – Deep drawing quality – Excellent stamina – Low temperature belongingss reacting good to indurating by cold working – Ease of cleansing, easiness of fiction, beauty of visual aspect. Table 1.A Physical belongingss of 304 class chromium steel steel in the annealed statusClassDensity ( kg/m3 )Elastic Modulus ( GPa )Average Coefficient of Thermal Expansion ( mm/m/A °C )Thermal Conductivity ( W/m.K )Specific Heat0-100A °C ( J/kg.K )0-100A °C0-315A °C0-538A °Cat 100A °Cat 500A °C304/L/H 8000 193 17.2 17.8 18.4 16.2 21.5 5002.3 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION AND TECHNICAL DRAWING2.3.1 BLENDER SPECIFICATIOND = 12cm Feature: Portable Rechargeable light weight Jar Capacity: up to 1.5 litres H = 30cm B = 16cm L = 18cm2.3.2 EXPLODED VIEW OF BLENDERFigure 2: Blender Exploded ViewPart Part name 1 Cap 2 Eyelid 3 Jar 4 Jar / blade seal 5 Blade set 6 Jar yoke 7 On-off button 8 Button spring 9 Upper lodging 10 Motor & A ; bushing 11 Motor saddle horse screw 12 Switch, on-off 13 Switch, interlock 14 Prison guard 15 Mini phone doodly-squat 16 Diode 17 Zener rectifying tube 18 Battery cell 19 Base screen 20 Screw, grip 21 Foot 22 Charger2.3.3 BLENDER BLADE SPECIFICATION3.0 STAGES OF THE PROCESS3.1 ALTERNATIVE PROCESS FOR EACH COMPONENT3.1.1 BLENDER BLADE ALTERNATIVE PROCESSThe suited procedure of blade production are projecting, stomping and hammering, we can still bring forth the blade even with different stuff. But every procedure must has it ‘s restrictions and ain advantages. The procedure selected is shown at table below:Figure 7: Blade Manufacturing Alternative ProcessesSince we have chosen the stuff, so we have look at the procedure to bring forth the merchandise. There are diverse of procedure of available outside, we need to take suitably to suite the stuff belongingss and the functionality of the constituent. There are several guidelines that we need to obey. The choice of a suited procedure is based on the undermentioned factors: Types of stuffs and its belongingss Expected quality and belongingss of the constituents Size, form, thickness and complexness in bring forthing the constituents Tolerances and surface coating Incoming procedures involves Design and tooling cost Volume of production Economy Now the chart above has shown 3 primary procedures that we will discourse further to take the best production procedure. Now we discuss the casting procedure. The procedure is a popular fabrication procedure that can hold many advantages. The grounds why we choose the investing casting procedure among assorted procedure of casting are because any stuff can project through this method. The investing casting procedure is economical even for rather low measure usually minimal measure is 1000. Furthermore, the complex form can be produced which meet the blade design. Heat intervention of the casting merchandise is non needed. Excellent surface coating and truth besides can be produced through this method. Again it suites the constituent demand that dimensional and surface coating. But the procedure has the disadvantages. We have the expensive dice tool and stuff cost, long lead clip to hold the concluding merchandise, labour cost is high. After we have seen the procedure we have the clea rer image of the procedure. The following procedure we will discourse the forging procedure. The blocker type of the forging will be used in this procedure. This is because this type has the low dice cost compared to other forging procedure. The production rate is high that will run into the company minimal production demand. Forging will hold the dice to use the compressive force on it in order produce the form we want. In the blocker forging, demand to make the machining to acquire the net form we want. The portion will non be a suited pick if the parts are thick webs and big filets. The chief cost is come from the dice cost which influenced by form and size of the constituent. The measure is besides the major concern in cost footing fabrication. Then we will make the stamping treatment. Stomping besides the sorts of sheet metal organizing utilizing the stamping dice and use the force on the sheet stuff. [ 18 ] The cost effectivity of the metal stomping procedure stems from its ability to bring forth material-intensive parts at production rates much higher than are possible utilizing other traditional methods. With stuff for stomping about bing use in another procedure, the premier country for nest eggs is in cutting production clip. From the above treatments, we can see that stomping will convey us the most economical procedure. Although we need to bear with the high start-up cost, but through the long term, the turnover is still good. The investing casting is excessively arduous and long lead clip which does non suite our selling policy ; the forging is more suited for big constituent.3.2 PROCESS SELECTED AND TOTAL PRODUCT STAGES3.2.1 BLENDER BLADE MANUFACTURING PROCESS3.2.1.1PROCESS SELECTED FOR BLENDER BLADEAfter weighing the pros and cons of procedure, we have chosen the stomping which derived procedures from progressive dice drawing. [ 22 ] By utilizing stomping procedure, there are some advantages compare with other procedure like hammering and die casting. First of wholly, the stomping dies can be well less than the tooling used in other procedures. Other than that, the Quality, truth, map, wear life and visual aspect can all be dramatically improved. By utilizing stomping procedure, the portion of stuff with tougher and harder belongingss can besides be made. Secondary operations like heat intervention and machining are needed to complete a portion. The figure of secondary operation is reduced and it can salvage the cost. To bring forth liquidizer blade by stomping procedure, there are some secondary procedure to be taken in. after the constituent is stamped out from the stamping machine, we need to bore a little hole on the constituent for the assembly intent. After that, flexing procedure will take in to obtain the functional form of liquidizer. Then, the constituent is so to be heat treated to better its mechanical belongingss like strength and stamina. Finally, a finishing procedure will take in to sharpen the blade border by machining procedure and better the wear opposition by add-on procedure like coating of blade with Ti.3.2.1.2 BLENDER BLADE STEPS FLOW CHARTThe phases for blade fabrication system are shown in the stairss flow chart below:Figure 8: Phase OF BLADE MANUFACTURING BY STAMPING3.2.1.3 BLENDER BLADE PROCESS STAGE AND MACHINE USEDStompingThe procedure is start by stomping of a big sheet of metal. We will utilize blanking procedure which is a cutting procedure by utilizing clout and di ce to bring forth the blade profile. For blanking procedure, the merchandise is the portion which is sheared out by clout. To transport out the blanking procedure, the stamping dice and stomping machine is needed. The blade merchandise by blanking procedure is shown at the figure below: Component ( merchandise ) Strip ( work stuff ) Scrap ( discard )Figure 9: blanking of bladeFeatures Of Stamped Parts[ 22 ] after stomping procedure, there are BURR-SIDE or CUT RADIUS feature on the stamped parts. There is a unsmooth border or breaking away burr around the side of the perforated holes. At The opposite side, there is a cut radius or â€Å" rollover † consequence where the blanking or piercing punch enters the metal surface. Both of these defects can be corrected if they affect the map ablility of the constituent. Deburring procedures can be used to take the burrs. Deburring procedure is done by utilizing deburring tool, toppling, or sanding. Drilling will do the holes straight through the full portion thickness. A shaving station in a progressive dice can cut down the demand for secondary handling operations. Besides, utilizing thicker stock than the concluding size called for and dual phonograph record grinding, or individual side grinding, as required will take burrs and rollover. After stomping procedure, the phenomena of CONCENTRICITY can be found on the merchandise itself. The contour of the interior and outside shows different belongingss and even thicknesses. the discrepancy can be cut down by excess allowance to the merchandises made. Besides the concentricity, the flatness/blanking deformations besides common phenomena that occur in the stamped merchandise after stomping procedure. There is the bowing rise in the merchandise due to periphery emphasis. The size of the obeisance varied with the stuff and type of dice used. The solution of the defects can be through the use of compound dice.Machine used for stomping procedure – Stamping MachineIn the stamping machine the major operation is where a metal sheet is being punched utilizing a imperativeness tool in order to give out into coveted form. Different stomping procedure necessitate different type of dice. Example of blanking dice is shown in figure 9Figure 10: Stamping MachineFigure 11: Stamping DieDrillingOnce the constituent is stamped out, the boring procedure will take in to bore a hole on the blade for the assembly intent. A boring machine is needed to bore the hole. The constituent after boring procedure is shown in the figure below: Drilling machine Component ( Merchandise )Figure: Drilling Of BladeMachine Used – Drilling Machine[ 23 ] A boring machine, called a drill imperativeness, is used to cut holes into or through metal, wood, or other stuffs. Boring machines use a boring tool that has cutting borders at its point. This cutting tool is held in the drill imperativeness by a chow or and is rotated and fed into the work at variable velocities. Boring machines may be used to execute other operations like countersinking, drilling, counterboring, topographic point facing, reaming, and tappingFigure 13: boring machineBendingTo obtain the better map ability of the liquidizer blade, the form of the blade should be flexing with certain angle as shown in the figure 9. This is a fictile deforming procedure to alter the form of metal blade. Note has to taken that the flexing portion of the constituent is under high emphasis after the bending procedure. To get the better of it, heat intervention will taking topographic point to hardening and reconstruct the emphasis. The constituent after flexing procedure is shown at below:Figure 14: Bending Of BladeMachine used: Bending Machine[ 24 ] Bending is a common fabrication method to treat sheet metal. It is normally done on a Press brake, but besides swing-bending-machines are used. With this machine a bending stuff is being bent by following the preset angle as a mention. The bending operation creates a consecutive line crook while form operation may make a curving crook.Fi gure 15: CNC Bending MachineHeat intervention[ 25 ] To reconstruct the residuary emphasis that trap in the stamped merchandise, heat intervention is normally carried out. Heat intervention can heat the metal to recrystallization temperature that will realine the grain in the metal. The heat intervention of the metal, the cleft can be reduced and it can be hardened as the finer grain can be obtained. The undermentioned describe the procedure heat intervention of the blade. The blade ballad on the ceramic tray so heat up to the specified temperature to indurate the portion. The oven normally is preheated to faster the procedure. The warming procedure last for 2 hours. After procedure the ceramic tray take out from the oven. The submergence of the merchandise into oil or H2O to execute slaking. This trap the intricate crystal in the metal construction. This procedure besides consequences in the metal going really brittle. After slaking, the blades are reheated to about 260A °C. Then the blades are allowed to chill easy in a procedure called annealing. This toughens the metal while retaining some of the crispness needed for all right sharpening. Further warming and chilling rhythms may be used to indurate other specialised metals.Machine Used: Heat Treating Oven[ 26 ] Heat handling oven is usage to heat the stuff up to 760A °C – 1370A °C It has the map to command the temperature and force per unit area of warming. The box furnace can manage exothermal, endothermal, and enriched ambiances including air, N, and Ar.Figure 16: heat handling ovenMachiningFinally, the blade will undergoes machining procedure as the coating procedure. [ 25 ] After the heat-treated blades are cool, they are polished and sharpened. Polishing is performed by machine in our instance. A level belt smoother is used to bring forth a smooth coating to the sides of the blade. This besides polishes out any Markss from the punch imperativeness operation and removes the surface residue from the heat-treat operation. Next the blade is placed into a grinding fixture that passes it through a series of crunching wheels. Each revolving wheel removes the right sum of metal to organize the border alleviation, point, rough border angle, and other characteristics of the working part of the blade. When the blade is finished with these stairss, it will be rather crisp and may look ready to utilize. However, the concluding sharpening stairs s are required to bring forth a durable border. Honing is the last procedure to take in. the crisp border of blade is produced by a all right grinding operation and called honing. The angle of the hone may be between 17 and 30 grades to the axis of the blade, depending upon the blade application. A smaller angle will bring forth a sharper border, but the border will have on and go dull more rapidly. A all right grinding hone, or â€Å" rock, † is oiled and gently rubbed on the knife border. This action produces the finest sharpened border.Machine Used: Belt Sander[ 27 ] A belt smoother is a machine used to sand down wood and other stuffs for finishing intents. It consists of an electrical motor that turns a brace of membranophones on which a seamless cringle of emery paper is mounted.Figure 17: Belt SanderConsequence on plagiarism checker on hypertext transfer protocol: //www.articlechecker.com/checker.phpMatched PhrasesGoogleA ResultsA Found:MATERIAL SELECTION 2 ( Set Alert ) Carbon steel rusts when exposed to air and wet ( Set Alert ) This Fe oxide movie is active and accelerates corrosion by organizing more Fe oxide ( Set Alert ) Ultimate tensile strength 570 MPa ( Set Alert ) aˆ? Excellent corrosion and oxidization opposition ( Set Alert ) aˆ? Can non be hardened by heat intervention ( Set Alert ) This procedure besides consequences in the metal going really brickle ( Set Alert ) Then the blades are allowed to chill easy in a procedure called annealing ( Set Alert ) This toughens the metal while retaining some of the crispness needed for all right sharpening ( Set Alert ) Further warming and chilling rhythms may be used to indurate other specialized metals ( Set Alert ) This besides polishes out any Markss from the punch imperativeness operation and removes the surface residue from the heat-treat operation ( Set Alert ) Next the blade is placed into a grinding fixture that passes it through a series of crunching wheels ( Set Alert ) Each revolving wheel removes the right sum of metal to or ganize the border alleviation, point, rough border angle, and other characteristics of the working part of the blade ( Set Alert ) When the blade is finished with these stairss, it will be rather crisp and may look ready to utilize ( Set Alert ) However, the concluding sharpening stairss are required to bring forth a durable border ( Set Alert ) The angle of the hone may be between 17 and 30 grades to the axis of the blade, depending upon the blade application ( Set Alert ) A smaller angle will bring forth a sharper border, but the border will have on and go dull more rapidly ( Set Alert ) A all right crunching hone, or † rock, † is oiled and gently rubbed on the knife border ( Set Alert ) This action produces the finest sharpened border ( Set Alert )Entire Matched Phrases / Total Submitted10 % ( 19/182 )

Costs and Benefits of Inflation Essay

High inflation has many costs: – Inflation erodes the value of money. When future prices are less predictable, sensible spending and saving plans are harder to make. People increasingly fear that their future purchasing power will decline and erode their standard of living. – Inflation encourages investments that are speculative and take advantage of inflation rather than productive investment. It can also create the illusion of temporary financial success while masking fundamental economic problems. – Businesses and households must spend more time, and money, protecting themselves from the effects of rising costs and prices. Businesses, workers, and investors respond to signs of inflation by pushing up prices, wages, and interest rates to protect themselves. This can lead to a â€Å"vicious circle† of rising inflation. – Inflation can mean particular hardship for those whose incomes don’t keep pace with the rising level of prices, especially people on fixed incomes such as senior citizens who are receiving pensions. Low inflation has many benefits: – Consumers and businesses are better able to make long-range plans because they know that their money is not losing its purchasing power year after year. – Interest rates, both in nominal and real terms, are lower, encouraging investment to improve productivity and allowing businesses to prosper without raising prices. – Sustained low inflation is self reinforcing. Businesses and individuals do not react so quickly to short-term price pressures by seeking to raise prices and wages if they are confident that inflation is under long-term control. This contributes to keeping inflation low.

Employee Productivity Essay

Human resources are considered an entity’s most valuable assets and should be well appreciated for them to be extremely productive. Such appreciation increases employees’ productivity to ensure that a company remains a market leader in the industry that it operates in. High productivity also improves an organization’s market value. The use of incentives will be necessary to entice the workforce up to the point that they give their best to their employer. Increasing the workforce’s productivity is mainly centered in motivating them at the lowest production and operating cost possible. Piecework compensation programs are of encouragement to the employees. Employees will work hard having in mind that their pay is directly proportional to units of output and will produce more. Payments should be based on parts assembled, sales made or even hours billed. Most people are motivated by a high pay and piecework compensations tend to increase the overall workforces’ output. The human resources should therefore get a return that is directly proportional to their output. Promoting from within entice employees to be more productive because they are assured of moving up the career ladder. Those who tend to be more efficient and effective should be given a higher rank for them to perform even better. An example is the case where an Accountant may be promoted to be the chief Accountant for his quality work. The manager should also ensure adequate equipments for the workforce. Machines should be good and computers up to date if the employees are to deliver at their best. The manger should also provide a fair opportunity for the workforce to be productive enough. He should not be biased based on nepotism or racism for the workforce to feel appreciated. Office supplies should also be adequate so that the labor force does not fall short of materials. Profit sharing schemes makes the employees to be owners of the organization and will produce more for profitability to be at its best. Employees will be shareholders of the business entity and will produce more for dividends and earnings per share to be high. The manager should also offer achievement awards like plaques, special parking areas, employees should also be allowed to wear casually at least once a week and on certain days, lunch breaks should be long. The employees will therefore work at ease to the advantage of the employer. The manager should also provide adequate breaks during work to allow employees time to relax during their delivery to the employer. This refreshes the mind because they will have something to look forward to and recharge their batteries. By being shareholders, employees will participate in the company’s Annual General Meetings and will be in a position to vote in the entity’s directors. They end up considering themselves as part of entity’s owners and become more productive. Incentive programs should be adjusted frequently for the workforce to feel rejuvenated. Salary increments should be annual for the workforce to realize that they are being appreciated. Incentives should also depend on the value created after performance appraisals have been carried out. Non monetary rewards like gifts, acknowledgements and praises should be frequent for productivity to be at its best. Money motivates employees at initial stages but as time progresses it becomes less active as a motivator. Motivating employees psychologically may be more useful because it normally acts as some inner energy and they deliver more. Employee appraisals are aimed at examining employees’ performance during a certain time period. They help in determining whether employees are helping in realizing the entity’s short-term goals in line with the company’s mission statement and vision. Every responsible employee should target the company’s expectations in terms of sub optimization for the company to remain focused Employee appraisals also help to examine the variance between observed and expected performance. Corrections can therefore be made where necessary so that actual performance does not deviate much from the expected standards. Mentors will therefore be kept on toes for their juniors to understand why they should stick to the entity’s standards of operation and performance. Organizational controls can be exercised after the employees’ performance has been evaluated. They therefore assist the entity in achieving and maintaining its leadership position. Appraisals also help in determining the training development requirements for the future. Employees requiring special training needs will be identified and the management will focus on filling in the gap that may relate to knowledge or education. Employees may therefore consider paying for their employee’s school fees for their education to remain relevant. Information is provided on human resources in terms of promotions or transfers. Those who have been performing excellently will be appreciated through promotions or taken to other departments for them to maintain similar good performance. They also provide a clear picture in terms expectations or responsibilities of duties to be carried out by employees. Â  After the employees’ performance has been accessed, it will be possible to determine what the management can expect of their workforce given their knowledge, education, experience and expertise. Appraisals also help in judging the efficiency of various human resource duties like recruiting, selecting, developing and training. Employee grievances will also be reduced through appraisals. By evaluating someone’s performance, it will be possible to determine whether the recruiting was carried out fairly and the training needs required. Performance appraisals also help in strengthening the bond or communication between juniors-seniors and workforce to the management bond. Appraisals determine how well the subordinates are cooperating with their seniors for mutual success of their employer. Payroll and reimbursement decisions are made easy because employers base their remuneration packages on their employees’ contribution to the entity’s success. Decisions of future objectives and actions to be taken in relation to human resources management are made easy. Performance appraisals assist in job analysis or provision of supervisor support, guidance and counseling. Those who need direct supervision are identified and adequate support is offered for the workforce to be extremely productive. According to the Vroom’s Expectancy theory, effort is separated from performance or outcome. Efforts must be linked to performance and psyching for motivation to be realized. Three variables are proposed to cater for this relationship. The three variables are instrumentality, valence and expectancy. EXPECTANCY: this is the belief that more effort increases performance, therefore working hard makes things better. It is determined by the availability of the right resources, that is raw materials or time, right skills for doing the job, necessary support for getting work done like seniors’ support and the right job information. INSTRUMENTALITY: this relates to believing that performing well leads to a valuable output being received; therefore doing the job right yields something. An employee will therefore put more effort in his work because he expects to be remunerated at the end of the month. It is determined by a clean understanding of the link for performance with outcomes that is the reward game rules, trusting the persons making the decisions on how outcome is distributed and a transparent process of deciding how outcome is distributed. An organization is supposed to have well laid down standards of reimbursing employees so that bias is avoided. The employee should provide adequate rewards and incentives that match contribution by the workforce for them to keep on performing well. Rewards should however be well designed so that none of the entity’s groups of workforce is left out. VALENCE: this is the vitality that employees place on expected outcome. For instance a person who is mainly motivated by cash does not value additional time off offers. Persons change their effort level depending on the importance placed on outcomes they get from processes and on their idea of awareness of effort and outcome links. Hence perceiving that improved effort increases performance, increased performance improves rewards and one values rewards being offered , then Vroom’s Expectancy theorem indicates an individual will be motivated. Therefore efforts, performance and rewards are prerequisites for adequate and sufficient motivation. Employees will be well psyched up to perform if they are assured of a good return to match their continued effort. They should be made to feel as part of the entity for them to be efficient and effective enough. Rewards should however be designed in such a way that the entity maximizes its profits at the lowest cost possible. If a professional employee is currently being well rewarded, he will not see the point of looking for a greener pasture and he will remain a true human capital to the employer.

Marketing Promotional Mix Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Marketing Promotional Mix - Essay Example The message must be comprehensible, concise, enlightening and communicative, because this will help to make certain that mothers understand your offering. 1.2 Defining a need the product or service can fulfill Underlying the importance of the Heart Monitor in the best possible manner would create a need in the minds of the customers. Persuasive messages would help more in the cause. The goal would be to convince mothers that the product will provide the best value to them, compared to the competitors. This can be supported by giving competitive pricing and other customer oriented benefits. You may also want to create an urgent demand by proffering limited time offers and other attractive offers. 1.3 Encouraging action from the target: Once you have created an awareness of the product and persuaded the target market, now it is the time to compel them to purchase the product. All the efforts to persuade the customers and to create awareness would go in vain if the customer does not mak e a purchase. It is very important to inform the customers about the product so that they patronise your brand and become a core buyer and make a repurchase. (Alyn, 2009) 2. Promotional Mix 2.1 Advertising Advertising is defined as any paid form of non-personal promotion of products and services by a sponsor. The Heart monitor can be advertised on print and broad media. Although, it can be very expensive, it allows the company to dramatise its products through the artful use of print, sound and color. By placing the ad in different medium the company would get a chance to unleash the product whole heartedly into the market. The customers would get to view the product and would see the various attributes, features and benefits of it. Advertising would enable Mothercare to recur a message numerous times, and would let the buyer receive and evaluate the ad and the underlying messages of various competitors. The ad should be clearly planned out and should be a breakthrough ad; it should be the one which would successfully break the clutter. For this purpose, most organisations take the services of a creative agency which aims at bring the advertising message strategy to life in a distinctive and memorable way. A creative ad would help to build a long-term image for Baby Heart Monitor. It would also trigger quick sales as a result. 2.2 Public Relations Public Relations is defined as building excellent relations with the company's assorted publics or stakeholders by acquiring constructive and positive publicity, strengthening a high-quality communal representation and managing and resolving inauspicious hearsays, anecdotes and events. The Public Relations (PR) department at Mothercare can use many different tools to promote the Baby Heart Monitor; Mothercare can call press and media before launching their product by creating and placing interesting information in the news medium to catch the attention of attention to a person, product or service. Product Publicity i s a free form of promotion and it takes the goodwill of the brand coupled with its image to get publicised. Mothercare can use its goodwill to allow various TV channels into publicising specific products via documentaries and infotainment news. Mothercare can make full use of its positive image, and the goodwill to build and maintain local, national and international relations. Mothercare can also build and maintain relations with legislators and government officials to influence legislation